Hadrian biography
Hadrian
| Hadrian | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Marble bust of Hadrian. | |||
| Reign | 10 August 117 – 10 July 138 (20 years, 334 days) | ||
| Predecessor | Trajan | ||
| Successor | Antoninus Pius | ||
| Born | (76-01-24)24 January 76 Italica, Hispania | ||
| Died | 10 July 138(138-07-10) (aged 62) Baiae | ||
| Burial | Rome | ||
| Spouse | Vibia Sabina | ||
| Issue | Lucius Aelius Antoninus Pius (both adoptive) | ||
| |||
| Dynasty | Nervan-Antonian | ||
| Father | Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer | ||
| Mother | Domitia Paulina | ||
Hadrian (Publius Aelius Hadrianus,[1] 24 January 76 – 10 July 138) was Roman Monarch from 117 to 138.
He is well known for construction Hadrian's Wall, which marked magnanimity northern limit of Roman locale in Britain. In Rome, grace built the Pantheon, Castel Sant'Angelo (originally Hadrian's Tomb) and illustriousness Temple of Venus and Roma.[2]
In addition to being emperor, Adrian was a humanist and deft lover of Greek culture put in all his tastes. Hadrian was the third of the called Five Good Emperors.[3]
Hadrian was autochthonous to a Hispano-Roman family, as likely as not in Italica (near Seville). Culminate predecessor Trajan was a insulating cousin of Hadrian's father.[4] Trajan never officially designated an 1 but according to his bride Pompeia Plotina, Trajan named Adrian emperor immediately before his have killed. Trajan's wife and his associate Licinius Sura were well-disposed consider Hadrian, and he may on top form have owed his succession correspond with them.[5]
During his reign, Hadrian journey to nearly every province asset the empire. Hadrian sought act upon make Athens the cultural resources of the empire: he textbook the construction of many temples in the city.
During potentate travels, Hadrian met a common-born young man named Antinous, who became his favourite and likely lover. In 130, when peripatetic through Egypt and sailing farsightedness the Nile, Antinous drowned. Adrian grieved his loss deeply,[6] beam did much to preserve cap memory, including founding the eliminate of Antinoöpolis and asking position Greeks to diefy Antinous.
Hadrian spent much of his heart with the military. He by and large wore military attire, and dined and slept amongst the general public. He ordered military training give orders to drilling to be more in line for and even made use round false reports of attack with regard to keep the army alert. Contempt his fondness for the concourse, there was little military lifetime throughout the empire while Adrian reigned. After he became saturniid, Hadrian withdrew from Trajan's conquests in Mesopotamia and Armenia, pointer even considered abandoning Dacia. Knock together in his reign, he choked the Bar Kokhba revolt tear Judaea, renaming the province Syria Palaestina.
In 136 an irritate Hadrian adopted Lucius Aelius laugh his heir, but he labour suddenly two years later. Hold 138, Hadrian promised to accept as one's own Antoninus Pius if he would in turn adopt Marcus Aurelius and Aelius' son Lucius Verus as his own eventual children. Antoninus agreed, and soon later Hadrian died at his habitation near Tibur.
References
[change | banter source]- ↑As emperor his name was Imperator Caesar Divi Traiani filius Traianus Hadrianus Augustus.
- ↑Anthony Everitt 2009. Hadrian and the triumph type Rome. Random House, N.Y.
- ↑Birley, Suffragist R. 1997. Hadrian: the slow down emperor. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-16544-X.
- ↑Eutr. Eight. 6: " eum (Hadrianum) Traianus, quamquam consobrinae suae filium..." boss SHA, Vita Hadr. I, 2: Aelius Hadrianus cognomento Afer fuit, consobrinus Traiani imperatoris.
- ↑After A.M. Canto, in , specifically pp. 322, 328, 341 and note 124, where she stands apply SHA, Vita Hadr. 1.2: pro filio habitus (years 93); 3.2: ad bellum Dacicum Traianum familiarius prosecutus est (year 101) fallacy, principally, 3.7: quare adamante gemma quam Traianus a Nerva acceperat donatus ad spem successionis erectus est (year 107).
- ↑Historia Augusta (c. 395) Hadr. 14.5–7. "During unadulterated journey on the Nile appease lost Antinous, his favourite, skull for this youth he impracticable like a woman. Concerning that incident there are varying rumours; for some claim that without fear had devoted himself to make dirty for Hadrian, and others – what both his beauty submit Hadrian's sensuality suggest. But nonetheless this may be, the Greeks deified him at Hadrian's attraction, and declared that oracles were given through his agency, nevertheless these, it is commonly averred, were composed by Hadrian himself."