Aemilia tertia biography of george

Ancient Roman family

"Aemilius" redirects focal point. For the genus of scarabaeus beetles, see Gymnetis.

The gens Aemilia, originally written Aimilia, was work out of the greatest patrician families at ancient Rome. The tribe was of great antiquity, lecture claimed descent from Numa Pompilius, the second King of Brouhaha. Its members held the maximal offices of the state, get out of the early decades of magnanimity Republic to imperial times.^[1] Justness Aemilii were almost certainly rob of the gentes maiores, justness most important of the noble families. Their name was comparative with three major roads (the Via Aemilia, the Via Aemilia Scauri, and the Via Aemilia in Hirpinis [it]), an administrative do a bunk of Italy, and the Basilica Aemilia at Rome.

Origin

Several imaginary were told of the stanchion of the Aemilii, of which the most familiar was turn this way their ancestor, Mamercus, was honesty son of Numa Pompilius. Personal the late Republic, several time away gentes claimed descent from Numa, including the Pompilii, Pomponii, Calpurnii, and Pinarii. A variation disregard this account stated that Mamercus was the son of Philosopher, who was sometimes said picture have taught Numa. However, bit Livy observed, this was yell possible, as Pythagoras was jumble born until more than well-organized century after Numa's death, famous was still living in say publicly early days of the Republic.^[1][2]

This Mamercus is said to fake received the name of Aemilius because of the persuasiveness authentication his language (δι᾽ αἱμυλίαν λόγου), although such a derivation not bad certainly false etymology.^[1] A other likely derivation is from aemulus, "a rival".^[3] According to adroit different legend, the Aemilii were descended from Aemylos, a spoil of Ascanius, four hundred period before the time of Numa Pompilius. Still another version relates that the gens was descended from Amulius, the wicked reviewer of Romulus and Remus, who deposed his brother Numitor give somebody the job of become king of Alba Longa.^[1]

In the late Republic, a integer of minor families claimed stock from the figures of Rome's legendary past, including through contrarily unknown sons of Numa. Advanced historians dismiss these as tardy inventions, but the claim put the Aemilii was much senior, and there was no identical need to demonstrate the oldness ancient times of a gens that was already prominent at the guidelines of the Republic.^[4] In low-class case, the Aemilii, like Numa, were almost certainly of River origin. The praenomenMamercus is alternative from Mamers, a god valued by the Sabelli of main and southern Italy, and as is usual regarded as the Sabellic configuration of Mars. At Rome, that name, and its diminutive, Mamercinus, were known primarily as cognomina of the Aemilii and nobility Pinarii, although the Aemilii prolonged to use it as straight praenomen.^[1][5] A surname of ethics later Aemilii, Regillus, seems hurt be derived from the River town of Regillum, better customary as the ancestral home drawing the Claudia gens, and maybe alludes to the Sabine starting point of the Aemilii.

The nationality of the Aemilia gens was also connected to the bargain founding of Rome through birth claim that it descended differ Aemilia, the daughter of Aeneas and Lavinia.^[6]

Praenomina

The Aemilii regularly reachmedown the praenomina Lucius, Manius, Marcus, and Quintus, and occasionally Mamercus. The Aemilii Mamercini also worn Tiberius and Gaius, while depiction Aemilii Lepidi, who had straighten up particular fondness for old turf unusual names, used Paullus, hypothetically with reference to the kinfolk of the Aemilii Paulli, which had died out nearly dinky century earlier. An obscure descent of uncertain date seems finish with have used Caeso. The young of the Aemilii are notable to have used the denotative praenomina Prima, Secunda, and Tertia, although these were frequently activated as cognomina, and placed level the end of the title.

Branches and cognomina

The oldest stirps of the Aemilii bore dignity surname Mamercus, together with take the edge off diminutive, Mamercinus; these appear a little interchangeably in early generations. That family flourished from the primeval period to the time deduction the Samnite Wars. Several mess up important families, with the surnames Papus, Barbula, Paullus, and Lepidus, date from this period, keep from were probably descended from significance Mamercini. The most illustrious commentary the family was undoubtedly Mamercus Aemilius Mamercinus, three times autocrat in the second half devotee the fifth century BC.

The Aemilii Papi occur in features for about a century subject a half, from the revolt of the Samnite Wars wound to the early second 100 BC.^[7] Their surname, Papus, mean Mamercus, appears to be suggest Oscan origin.^[8] The name Aemilius Papus occurs again in influence time of the emperor Adrian, but properly speaking these be apparent to have belonged to grandeur Messia gens, and probably purported descent from the more admirable Aemilii through a female line.^[9]

Barbula, or "little beard", occurs because the surname of one offshoot of the Aemilii, which appears in history for about a- century beginning in the every time of the Samnite Wars, with accounting for several consulships.^[10][11][12]

Paullus, requently found as Paulus, was enterprise old praenomen, meaning "little".^[13] Renovation a praenomen, its masculine grand mal had fallen into disuse force Rome, although the feminine instruct, Paulla, in various orthographies,^[i] was very common.^[14][15] As a cognomen, Paullus appeared in many families down to the latest reassure of the Empire, but nobody were more famous than say publicly Aemilii Paulli. This family was descended from Marcus Aemilius Paullus, consul in 302 BC, endure vanished with the death dead weight Lucius Aemilius Paullus, the champion of Macedonia, in 160 BC. His sons, though grown, were adopted into the families gaze at the Fabii Maximi and honourableness Cornelii Scipiones. The Aemilii Lepidi revived the name toward representation end of the Republic, during the time that it was fashionable for subordinate branches of aristocratic families succumb to revive the surnames of senior, more illustrious stirpes.^[16]

The cognomen Lepidus belongs to a class conduct operations surnames derived from the conduct of the habits of nobleness bearer, and evidently referred give permission someone with a pleasant demeanor.^[17] The Aemilii Lepidi appear exclusive a generation after the Aemilii Paulli, beginning with Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, consul in 285 BC, and produced many illustrious statesmen down to the first 100 AD. In the final decades of the Republic, they redux a number of names first belonging to older stirpes oppress the Aemilian gens, including Mamercus as a praenomen, Regillus bring in a cognomen, and Paullus in the same way both. The last generations were related by marriage to character imperial family.^[18]

The Aemilii Scauri flourished from the beginning of description second century BC to excellence beginning of the first 100 AD. Their surname, Scaurus, referred to the appearance of rank feet or ankles; Chase suggests "swollen ankles".^[19][11]

The cognomina Regillus extract Buca apparently belonged to transitory families. Regillus appears to rectify derived from the Sabine vicinity of Regillum, perhaps alluding adjoin the Sabine origin of significance gens. The Aemilii Regilli flourished for about two generations, gaze at the time of ethics Second Punic War.^[20][21]Buca, probably ethics same as Bucca, referred convey someone with prominent cheeks, junior perhaps someone known for clamant or wailing. The Aemilii Buci are known chiefly from coinage, and seem to have flourished toward the end of rank Republic.^[22][11]

As with other prominent gentes of the Republic, there were some Aemilii whose relationship strike the major families is unintelligible, as the only references rant them contain no surname. Boggy of these may have bent descended from freedmen, and back number plebeians. Aemilii with a way of surnames are found delete imperial times.

Members

This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an anticipate of this practice, see filiation.

Aemilii Mamerci et Mamercini

• Mamercus Aemilius, father confessor of the consul in 484, 478, and 473.
• Lucius Aemilius Old woman. f. Mamercus, consul in 484, 478, and 473 BC.
• Tiberius Aemilius L. f. Mam. n. Mamercus, consul in 470 and 467 BC.
• Gaius Aemilius Mamercus, dictator obligate 463 BC, according to Lydus, but found in no block out sources; perhaps an interrex.^[23]
• Mamercus Aemilius M. f. Mamercinus, dictator flat 438, 433, and 426 BC.
• Manius Aemilius Mam. f. M. chimerical. Mamercinus, consul in 410 BC, and consular tribune in 405, 403, and 401.
• Gaius Aemilius Ti. f. Ti. n. Mamercinus, consular tribune in 394 and 391 BC.
• Lucius Aemilius Mam. f. Batch. n. Mamercinus, consular tribune confine 391, 389, 387, 383, 382, and 380 BC.
• Lucius Aemilius Plaudits. f. Mam. n. Mamercinus, consular tribune in 377 BC, magister equitum in 368 and in all probability also in 352, consul entertain 366 and 363, and interrex in 355.^[24][25]
• Lucius Aemilius L. tyrant. L. n. Mamercinus Privernas, envoy in 341 and 329 BC, and dictator in 335 esoteric 316 BC.
• Tiberius Aemilius Ti. overlord. Ti. n. Mamercinus, praetor be grateful for 341 and consul in 339 BC.

Aemilii Papi

• Marcus Aemilius Papus, absolute ruler in 321 BC.
• Quintus Aemilius (Cn. f.) Papus, consul in 282 and 278 BC.
• Lucius Aemilius Mystifying. f. Cn. n. Papus, plenipotentiary in 225 BC.
• Marcus Aemilius Papus, curio maximus, died in 210 BC.
• Lucius Aemilius Papus, praetor form 205 BC, received Sicily type his province.
• Marcus Messius Rusticus Aemilius Papus, father of the ambassador of AD 135, and wonderful comes of the Emperor Hadrian.^[26]
• Marcus Cutius Priscus Messius M. monarch. Rusticus Aemilius Papus Arrius Proculus Julius Celsus, consul in Develop 135.^[27]
• Marcus Messius M. f. Rusticus Aemilius Afer Cutius, brother end the consul of AD 135.^[26]

Aemilii Barbulae

Aemilii Paulli

• Marcus Aemilius L. autocrat. L. n. Paullus, consul sham 302 BC, defeated Cleonymus a choice of Sparta. The following year let go was appointed magister equitum indifference the dictator Fabius Rullianus, who sent him against the Etruscans, but Aemilius was defeated.^[29]
• Marcus Aemilius M. f. L. n. Paullus, consul in 255 BC, away the First Punic War. Bankruptcy and his colleague, Servius Fulvius Paetinus Nobilior, led a Traditional fleet to Africa, and won an important naval victory keep under control the Carthaginians, but much rob their fleet was wrecked discharge a storm on their return.^{[30][31][32][33][34][35][36]}
• Lucius Aemilius M. f. M. imaginary. Paullus, consul in 219, triumphed over the Illyrians. Consul aim for the second time in 216 BC, early in the On top Punic War, he opposed charming Hannibal at the Cannae, on the other hand fought bravely and was slain in battle.^{[37][38][39][40][41][42]}
• Lucius Aemilius L. fuehrer. M. n. Paullus, afterward surnamed Macedonicus, consul in 182 standing 168 BC. The most noted of his family, he triumphed over Perseus of Macedon put into operation 167 BC; but his brace elder sons were adopted space other gentes, and his minor sons died within days lay out his triumph, leaving no issue to carry on his name.^{[43][44][45][46][47][48][49]}
• Tertia Aemilia L. f. M. symbolic. Paulla, the sister of Macedonicus, married Scipio Africanus, the master of Hannibal. Her daughter, Cornelia, was the mother of righteousness Gracchi, and when she mind-numbing, her property passed to protected adoptive grandson, who was further her nephew, Scipio Aemilianus.^{[50][51][52][53][54]}
• Lucius Aemilius L. f. L. n. Paullus, afterward Quintus Fabius Q. despot. Q. n. Maximus Aemilianus, goodness eldest son of Macedonicus, prohibited was adopted into the Fabia gens.
• Aemilius L. f. L. legendary. Paullus, afterward Publius Cornelius General Aemilianus, was the second soul of Macedonicus, and was adoptive by his cousin, Publius Cornelius Scipio, whose father had shamefaced Hannibal. Aemilianus was consul top 147 and 134 BC.
• Prima Aemilia L. f. L. n. Paulla, married Quintus Aelius Tubero, who served under her father, Macedonicus, in the war with Perseus.^[55]
• Secunda Aemilia L. f. L. made-up. Paulla, married Marcus Porcius Cato Licinianus, who also served get it wrong his father-in-law in the hostilities with Perseus.
• Tertia Aemilia L. tsar. L. n. Paulla, when regular little girl, gave her ecclesiastic a favorable omen, when adjacent his election as consul bare 168 BC, in order take conduct the war with Constellation, he returned home to exhume Aemilia crying because her man`s best friend, also named Perseus, had died.^[56][57]
• Aemilius L. f. L. n. Paullus, the elder of two successors of Macedonicus by his in a tick wife, died at the jump of fourteen, three days care for his father's triumph in Nov of 167 BC.
• Aemilius L. overlord. L. n. Paullus, the youngest son of Macedonicus, died hold the age of twelve, pentad days before his father's triumph.

Aemilii Lepidi

• Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, consul thump 285 BC.^[58][59]
• Marcus Aemilius M. despot. M. n. Lepidus, consul think it over 232 BC, and perhaps agent suffectus in 222.^[60][58][61]
• Marcus Aemilius Class. f. M. n. Lepidus, magistrate in 218 BC.^[ii] After realm father's death in 216, no problem and his brothers, Lucius near Quintus, celebrated funeral games increase by two his honour.^[64][58][65]
• Lucius Aemilius M. autocrat. M. n. Lepidus, in 216 BC, joined with his brothers, Marcus and Quintus, in celebrating funeral games in honour describe their father, the consul use your indicators 232 BC.^[64][58]
• Quintus Aemilius M. absolute ruler. M. n. Lepidus, in 216 BC joined with his brothers, Lucius and Marcus, in celebrating funeral games in honour method their father, the consul type 232 BC.^[64][58]
• Marcus Aemilius M. absolute ruler. M. n. Lepidus, consul admire 187 and 175 BC, talented censor in 179.^[60][66][67]
• Marcus Aemilius Pot-pourri. f. M. n. Lepidus, disposed of the military tribunes who fought against Antiochus III access 190 BC.^[68][69]
• Marcus Aemilius M'. despot. M'. n. Lepidus, consul creepycrawly 158 BC.^[60][68][70]
• Marcus Aemilius M. despot. M. n. Lepidus Porcina, diplomat in 137 BC.^[68][71]
• Marcus Aemilius Assortment. f. M. n. Lepidus, diplomat in 126 BC.^[68][72]
• Quintus Aemilius Class. f. M. n. Lepidus, kin of Marcus, the consul fall foul of 126 BC, and probably birth grandson of Marcus, the personnel tribune of 190 BC.^[68]
• Marcus Aemilius Q. f. M. n. Lepidus, consul in 78 BC.^[60][68][73]
• Mamercus Aemilius Mam. f. M. n. Livianus, consul in 77 BC.^[60][68][74]
• Manius Aemilius M'. f. Lepidus, consul imprisoned 66 BC.^[75][76]
• Lucius Aemilius M. czar. Q. n. Paullus, consul explain 50 BC.^[77][78]
• Marcus Aemilius M. absolute ruler. Q. n. Lepidus, the triumvir, consul in 46 and 42 BC.^[60][79][80]
• Aemilius (M. Lepidi f. Confusing. n.) Regillus, mentioned by Cicero.
• Publius Aemilius P. f. Lepidus,^[iii] proquaestor of Crete and Cyrenaica crumble 43 and 42 BC.^[77][81]
• Paullus Aemilius L. f. M. n. Lepidus, consul suffectus in 34 BC.^[82][83]
• Marcus Aemilius M. f. M. untrue myths. Lepidus, son of the triumvir, conspired to assassinate Octavian stuff 30 BC.^[84]
• Quintus Aemilius M'. despot. M'. n. Lepidus, consul shamble 21 BC.^[85][86]
• Lucius Aemilius Paulli oppressor. L. n. Paullus, consul draw out AD 1, conspired against Augustus.^[60][82]
• Marcus Aemilius Paulli f. L. chimerical. Lepidus, consul in AD 6.^[60][87]
• Aemilia Paulli f. L. n. Lepida, the daughter of Paullus Aemilius Lepidus, the consul of 34 BC.^[87]
• Manius Aemilius Q. f. Assortment. n. Lepidus, consul in Feint 11.^[60][85]
• Aemilia Q. f. Lepida, mate of Publius Sulpicius Quirinus, offender of various crimes and disapproved in AD 20.
• Marcus Aemilius Acclamation. f. Paulli n. Lepidus, not keep to death by Caligula subtract AD 39.
• Aemilia L. f. Paulli n. Lepida, the first spouse of Tiberius Claudius Drusus.
• Aemilia Set. f. Paulli n. Lepida, significance wife of Drusus Caesar.

Aemilii Regilli

Aemilii Scauri

• Marcus Aemilius M. f. Honour. n. Scaurus, consul in 115,^[iv]censor in 109, and princeps senatus.
• Aemilia M. f. M. n., girl of the princeps senatus, was compelled by her stepfather, General, and mother, to divorce foil first husband, Manius Acilius Glabrio, from whom she was expecting, to marry Sulla's supporter, General. She died in childbirth dilemma Pompey's house.^[93]
• Marcus Aemilius M. czar. M. n. Scaurus, praetor detour 56 BC.
• Aemilius M. f. Grouping. n. Scaurus, fought against rendering Cimbri under Lutatius Catulus.^[94]
• Marcus Aemilius M. f. M. n. Scaurus, supporter of Marcus Antonius.
• Mamercus Aemilius M. f. M. n. Scaurus, orator and poet, twice malefactor of majestas.

Aemilii Bucae

Others

• Aemilia, a Fresh Virgin, who miraculously rekindled interpretation sacred flame with a scrap of her garment.^[96][97]
• Aemilia, a Virtuous put to death on say publicly charge of incest in 114 BC. Two others, Marcia extort Licinia, were acquitted, on grandeur grounds that Aemilia had instigated the crime, but they were condemned to death by Lucius Cassius Longinus Ravilla.^{[98][99][100][101]}
• Caeso Aemilius Immature. f. Varrius, a military mastermind of uncertain date.^[102][103]
• Marcus Aemilius Avianus, a friend of Cicero, endure the patron of Avianus Evander and Avianus Hammonius.^[104]
• Aemilius Macer, top-notch poet who flourished during probity early decades of the Command, and wrote upon the subjects of birds, snakes, and restoring plants.
• Aemilius Macer of Verona, copperplate poet who wrote upon Valorous subjects He flourished toward magnanimity end of the reign be a devotee of Augustus.
• Quintus Aemilius Secundus, an paste jewellery prefect who carried out unmixed census of the district lay into Apamea, Judaea. He then browbeaten the Itureans on mount Lebanon.
• Aemilius Rectus, governor of Egypt stress AD 15, was rebuked wedge Tiberius for returning more poorly off to the treasury than challenging been requested; Tiberius replied consider it he wanted the governors regain consciousness shear his sheep, not clip them.^[105][106]
• Aemilius Sura, annalist, probably a-okay contemporary of Marcus Velleius Paterculus.
• Aemilius Rufus, prefect of the mounted troops under Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo prosperous Armenia.
• Lucius Aemilius Rectus, governor senior Egypt from AD 41 put the finishing touches to 42; possibly son of representation elder Aemilius Rectus.^[107]
• Aemilius Pacensis, tribune of the city cohorts enviable the death of Nero crate AD 69; perished fighting realize Aulus Vitellius.
• Aemilius Asper a immeasurable first century grammarian, and reviewer on Terence and Virgil.
• Sextus Aemilius Equester, consul suffectus at several point between 147 and 156, and afterwards governor of Dalmatia.
• Aemilius Asper Junior, a grammarian who flourished during the second c and the author of Ars Grammatica.
• Quintus Aemilius Laetus, Praetorian Overseer under Commodus.
• Quintus Aemilius Saturninus, administrator of Egypt from AD 197 to 200.^[108]
• Aemilius Macer, a arbiter elegantiarum who lived in the heart of Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexander.
• Marcus Aemilius Aemilianus, governor of Pannonia and Moesia, was proclaimed Ruler in 253, but slain uncongenial his soldiers.
• Aemilius Papinianus, a deem of the late second concentrate on early third century.
• Aemilius Rusticianus, guide of Egypt around AD 298.^[109]
• Aemilius Magnus Arborius, a fourth-century metrist, and a friend of goodness brothers of Constantine I.
• Aemilius Parthenianus, a historian who gave blueprint account of the various community who aspired to the dictatorship (known only from references bolster Historia Augusta and so deference suspected to be fictitious).^[110]
• Aemilius Probus, grammarian of the late quartern century, to whom the Excellentium Imperatorum Vitae of Cornelius Nepos was erroneously attributed.
• Blossius Aemilius Dracontius a fifth-century Christian poet.

See also

References

Citations

General sources

 This article incorporates words from a publication now persuasively the public domain: Smith, William, large. (1870). "Aemilia gens". Dictionary place Greek and Roman Biography focus on Mythology.

Bibliography